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Saccharomyces sp. - Reported to be allergenic. Baker's Yeast.
Scopulariopsis sp. - It may produce arsine gas if growing on arsenic substrate.
This can occur on wallpapers covered with paris green. It has been found
growing on a wide variety of materials including house dust. It is associated
with type III allergy. |
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| Serpula lacrymans - Common cause of extrinsic
asthma (immediate-type hypersensitivity: type I). Acute symptoms include
edema and bronchiospasms; chronic cases may develop pulmonary emphysema. |
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| Sporobolomyces sp. - Reported to be allergenic. |
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| Sporothrix sp. - Can cause sporotrichosis. Usually
only in populations which are immune compromised. |
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| Sporotrichum sp. - Reported to be allergenic.
See also Sporothrix sp. as there is some taxonomic confusion between these
two genera. This genera does not cause sporotrichosis. |
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| Stachybotrys sp. - Aw (water activity) - 0.94,
optimum Aw (water activity) - >0.98. Several strains of this fungus (S.
atra, S. chartarum and S. alternans are synonymous) may produce a trichothecene
mycotoxin- Satratoxin H - which is poisonous by inhalation. The toxins are
present on the fungal spores. This is a slow growing fungus on media. It
does not compete well with other rapidly growing fungi. The dark colored
fungi grows on building material with a high cellulose content and a low
nitrogen content. Areas with relative humidity above 55% and are subject
to temperature fluctuations are ideal for toxin production. Individuals
with chronic exposure to the toxin produced by this fungus reported cold
and flu symptoms, sore throats, diarrhea, headaches, fatigue, dermatitis,
intermittent local hair loss, and generalized malaise. The toxins produced
by this fungus will suppress the immune system affecting the lymphoid tissue
and the bone marrow. Animals injected with the toxin from this fungus exhibited
the following symptoms: necrosis and hemorrhage within the brain, thymus,
spleen, intestine, lung, heart, lymph node, liver, and kidney. The mycotoxin
is also reported to be a liver and kidney carcinogen. Affects by absorption
of the toxin in the human lung are known as pneumomycosis. This organism
is rarely found in outdoor samples. It is usually difficult to find in indoor
air samples unless it is physically disturbed. The spores are in a gelatinous
mass. Appropriate media for the growth of this organism will have a high
cellulose content and a low nitrogen content. The spores will die readily
after release. The dead spores are still allergenic and toxigenic. Percutaneous
absorption has caused mild symptoms. |
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| Stemphylium sp. - Reported to be allergenic.
Isolated from dead plants and cellulose materials. |
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| Syncephalastrum sp. - Can cause a respiratory
infection characterized by a solid fungal ball. |
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